India has a rich tapestry of national symbols that reflect its cultural heritage , natural beauty and historical significance . Here are the key national symbols of India along with brief explanations :
National Flag
Tiranga ( Tricolor ) : The Indian National Flag , known as the Tiranga , consists of three horizontal stripes : saffron (Representing courage and sacrifice ), White ( Symbolizing truth and peace ) , Green ( indicating faith and chivalry ) . In the center is the Asoka Chakra , a 24 – spoke navy blue wheel symbolizing law and dharm.
National Emblem
State Emblem of India : The national emblem is an adapation of the Lion Capital of Ashoka at Sarnath. It features four Asiatic lion standing back to back, symbolizing power, courage, pride and confidence. Below the lions is the Dharma Chakra (wheel of law ) , flanked by a horse and bull, with motto “Satyameva Jayate ” (Truth Alone Triumphs ) inscribed below in Davanagari script.
National Anthem
Jana Gana Mana : Composed by Rabindranath Tagore ” Jana Gana Mana ” was adpoted as the national anthem of India on January 24 , 1950. It reflects the unity and diversity of India and is sung on various national occasions.
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National Song
Vande Mataram : Written by Bankim Chandra Chatterjee, ” Vande Mataram ” played a vital role in the Indian independence movement. It symbolize the country’s rich cultural heritage and is often sung to evoke patriotic feelings.
National Currency Symbol
Indian Rupee ( ₹ ) : The symbol for the Indian Rupee ( ₹ ) is a blend of the Devanagari ” ₹ ” and the Latin ” R ” reflecting the country’s cultural heritage and the robustness of its economy. It was officially adopted in 2010.
National Animal
Bengal Tiger : The Bengal tiger represented strength , power and grace . It is found in various regions across India, including national parks and wildlife sanctuaries.
National Bird
Indian Peacock : The peapock is known for its vibrant and colourful plumage, symbolizing beauty and grace. It holds cultural and religious significance in Indian traditions.
National Flower
Lotus : The lotus represented purity and spirituality . Despite growing in muddy waters, it blooms with remarkable beauty , symnolizing enlightenment and resilience.
National Tree
Banyan Tree : The banyan tree represented eternal life due to its long lifespan and extensive roots. It is often associated with wisdom and longevity .
National Fruit
Mango : Known as the “King of Fruits ” the mango is loved for its sweet flavor and rich aroma. It represents prosperity and richness in Indian culture.
National River
Ganga : The Ganga is considered the most sacred river in India, symbolizing purity and sustenance. It plays a crucial role in the cultural and religious practices of the country.
National Aquatic Animal
Ganges River Dolphin : The Ganges river dolphin is an indicator of the health of the river ecosystem. It symbolizes the rich biodiversity of India’s freshwater habitats.
National Heritage Animal
Indian Elephant : The Indian elephant is revered for its strength , intelligence and cultural significance . It is a symbol of India’s wildlife heritage .
National Reptile
King Cobra : The king cobra is known for its formidable size and potent venom. It symbolizes power and the rich diversity of India’s reptilian fauna.
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National Game
Field Hockey : Field hockey has a rich history in India, with the country winning numerous Olympic gold medals in the sport. It symbolizes the sportsmanship and skill of Indian athletes.
National Calender
Saka Calendar : The Saka calendar , which begins in the month of Chaitra 9 March – April ) was adopted as the official civil calendar in 1957. It represents India’s rich astronomical heritage.
These national symbols collectively represent India’s identity , cultural richness and natural heritage, each holding a special place in the hearts of its people.